专利摘要:
The invention relates to a device (100) for measuring temperature comprising: - a temperature sensor (110) arranged to measure a temperature, - a thermo-generator (108) forming with said temperature sensor, a surface (112) called measurement, said thermo-generator (108) being configured to convert thermal energy from said measurement surface (112) into electrical energy and said sensor (110) being arranged to measure a temperature of a sample (102) in contact with the measurement surface (112), and - an electronic card (114) arranged to receive the electrical energy converted by the thermo-generator (108) and supply said temperature sensor (110); said device (100) being characterized in that the electronic card (114) is arranged at a non-zero distance from said measurement surface (112) in a direction (A) perpendicular to said measurement surface (112).
公开号:FR3085477A1
申请号:FR1857905
申请日:2018-09-03
公开日:2020-03-06
发明作者:Dimitri Tainoff;Olivier Bourgeois;Anais Proudhom
申请人:Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS;Universite Grenoble Alpes;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

"On-board autonomous temperature measurement device and method implemented by such a device"
The invention relates to an autonomous temperature measurement device and method implemented by such a device.
The field of the invention is the field of temperature measurement devices, and more particularly, the field of on-board autonomous temperature measurement devices.
STATE OF THE ART
Embedded temperature measurement devices are known comprising a battery for supplying a temperature sensor. The autonomy of these devices is limited to the autonomy of the battery. Other on-board devices include a temperature sensor connected to a power source remote from the devices. These devices allow continuous operation of the temperature sensor but require complex implementation.
There are also known on-board temperature measurement devices comprising a heat generator configured to convert thermal energy into electrical energy, and connected to electronic components to power a temperature sensor. These devices therefore lack robustness and remain expensive to maintain.
An object of the present invention is to provide a more robust and / or less expensive temperature measurement device and / or simpler to make and install.
STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION
At least one of the above objectives is achieved by a temperature measuring device comprising:
- a temperature sensor arranged to measure a temperature,
- a thermo-generator forming with said temperature sensor, a so-called measurement surface, said thermo-generator being configured for
-2converting thermal energy from said measurement surface into electrical energy and said sensor being arranged to measure a temperature of a sample in contact with the measurement surface, and
- an electronic card arranged to receive the electrical energy converted by the thermo-generator and to supply said temperature sensor with at least part of this electrical energy;
said device being characterized in that the electronic card is arranged at a non-zero distance from said measurement surface in a direction perpendicular to said measurement surface.
With the device according to the invention, the electronic card is arranged at a distance from the measurement surface. The electronic card is thus protected from the extreme temperatures presented by the measurement surface. The device according to the invention is therefore more robust. In addition, the device according to the invention does not require connections to a power source. The device according to the invention is less expensive and less complex to implement.
The measurement surface can be at a temperature between -100 ° C and 500 ° C, in particular between -50 ° C and 250 ° C.
The electronic card can operate at maximum temperatures between 85 ° C and 125 ° C. With the remote arrangement of the electronic card, the device according to the invention operates for a measurement surface having temperatures higher than those supported by the electronic card.
Advantageously, the device according to the invention may include an opening on the side of the measurement surface to allow contact between the measurement surface and the sample.
The opening can have the dimensions of the measurement surface.
In an embodiment of the device according to the invention, the temperature sensor and / or the heat generator can be located between the measurement surface and the electronic card.
In an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, the electronic card can comprise at least one voltage converter connecting the thermo-generator to the temperature sensor.
-3In particular, the voltage converter can be configured to raise the voltage produced by the thermo-generator.
Preferably, the electronic card can comprise a microcontroller arranged to control:
at least one means for storing the electrical energy converted by the thermo-generator and arranged to supply the temperature sensor with at least part of this stored electrical energy, and / or
- a means of communication of a temperature measurement of said temperature sensor with a remote server.
The remote server can be arranged at a distance of between 1 m and 25 km from the device according to the invention.
In particular, the microcontroller can be arranged to control the voltage converter.
Advantageously, the temperature sensor can be a thermocouple.
The electronic card can include an analog / digital converter to convert the measurement of the temperature sensor into digital temperature measurement data.
Alternatively, or in addition, the temperature sensor can be any digital temperature sensor.
Preferably, the thermo-generator can be a Peltier module.
In particular, the thermo-generator can be a Peltier module of the three-dimensional solid type or of the electromechanical microsystem type (“MEMS” in English).
In a particular embodiment of the device according to the invention, the heat generator may comprise a surface, called a dissipation surface, arranged to be at a temperature different from the temperature of the measurement surface so as to produce electrical energy as a function of the temperature difference between the measurement surface and the dissipation surface.
-4The electrical energy produced can be proportional to the temperature difference between the measurement surface and the dissipation surface.
In an advantageous embodiment, the device according to the invention may comprise a heat sink disposed between the electronic card and the heat generator and in thermal contact with the dissipation surface.
The dissipator can be arranged to cool the dissipating surface so as to decrease the temperature of the dissipating surface.
Advantageously, the dissipator can be fixed to the dissipation surface to ensure thermal contact by thermal glue, thermal paste, or any adhering material, flexible or rigid, allowing heat exchange.
Alternatively, or in addition, the dissipator can be fixed to the dissipation surface by soldering.
This arrangement allows better thermal dispersion between the dissipation surface of the heat generator and the dissipator. The temperature difference between the measurement surface and the dissipation surface is higher. The electrical energy produced by the thermo-generator is thus increased.
Preferably, the device according to the invention may comprise a box containing the temperature sensor, the heat generator and the electronic card. The measurement surface can be formed on one side of said housing. The housing may include at least one air passage opening opening at the level of the heat sink.
In particular, the housing may include a plurality of openings located on at least two faces of the housing facing each other.
Said openings make it possible to produce an air flow, by natural or forced convection, passing through the dissipator. This arrangement allows heat and / or cold to be dissipated in the housing and therefore simultaneously protects the electronic card and increases the electrical energy produced.
In particular, the distance between the electronic card and the measurement surface can be greater than or equal to a minimum distance depending on the resistance
-5 thermal of the case in order not to exceed a maximum temperature of use of the electronic card.
For example, for an aluminum case the distance between the measurement surface and the electronic card can be greater than or equal to 1.5 cm, in particular equal to 2.5 cm.
The housing of the device according to the invention can have a height, a width and / or a height of between 2.5 cm and 5 cm. Thus, the device according to the invention is compact and compact.
In one embodiment of the device according to the invention, the electronic card can be placed in a housing which thermally insulates it from the measurement surface.
The housing may include a thermally insulating material, such as polyurethane foam.
The housing may be located in the housing and may include at least one opening allowing the passage of a cable connecting the electronic card to the heat generator.
According to one embodiment, the device according to the invention can comprise at least one means for measuring data relating to the environment of said device and the electronic card can be arranged to supply said measuring means with at least part of electrical energy converted by the thermo-generator.
The measuring means can be a sensor such as a force sensor, a pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, etc.
In particular, the measuring means can be arranged at the level of the measuring surface.
Advantageously, the thermo-generator can comprise the temperature sensor and / or at least one measuring means.
In an advantageous embodiment, the device according to the invention can comprise means for fixing the measurement surface to the sample.
The fastening means can be any type of removable fixing or not, such as fixing means by clips, by screwing, by gluing, by interlocking, etc.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a temperature measurement system comprising a device according to the invention assembled with a sample characterized in that the measurement surface formed by the heat generator and the temperature sensor is in contact thermal with the sample so as to measure a temperature.
In particular, the sample can be a part of a vehicle or a piping element.
According to one aspect of the invention, a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, is proposed, comprising at least one device according to the invention, the measurement surface of which is located at the level of at least one axle box of said vehicle and provided for measuring a temperature of said at least one axle box.
According to one aspect of the invention, a method for measuring the temperature of a sample is proposed, comprising at least the following steps:
conversion by a thermo-generator into electrical energy of thermal energy from a surface, known as a measurement, formed by said thermogenerator and a temperature sensor in thermal contact with the sample,
- reception of said electrical energy converted by an electronic card to supply said temperature sensor with at least part of this electrical energy, said method being characterized in that the electronic card is arranged at a non-zero distance from said measurement surface in a direction perpendicular to said measurement surface.
In particular, the temperature sensor and / or the heat generator can be located between the measurement surface and the electronic card.
Advantageously, the method according to the invention may include a step of raising a voltage of the electrical energy converted by at least one voltage converter connecting the thermo-generator to the temperature sensor.
In one embodiment, the method according to the invention can comprise:
at least one step for storing the electrical energy converted by the thermo-generator by at least one storage means arranged to supply the temperature sensor with at least part of this stored electrical energy, and / or
- At least one step of communicating a temperature measurement of said sensor with a remote server.
Preferably, the method according to the invention may comprise a step of thermal dissipation of a surface, known as of dissipation, of the thermogenerator opposite the measurement surface so that the temperature of the dissipation surface is different from the temperature of the surface of measurement.
In one embodiment, the heat dissipation step can be carried out by a heat sink disposed between the electronic card and the heat generator and in thermal contact with the dissipation surface.
In one embodiment, the heat dissipation step can also be carried out by an air flow passing through the heat sink and generated by at least one air passage opening opening at the heat sink.
DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES AND EMBODIMENTS
Other advantages and characteristics will appear on examining the detailed description of nonlimiting exemplary embodiments, and the appended drawings in which:
- FIGURE 1 is a schematic representation of a profile section of a first example of the device according to the invention;
- FIGURE 2 is a schematic representation of an exploded perspective view of a second example of the device according to the invention; and
FIGURE 3 is a schematic representation of an example of the method according to the invention.
It is understood that the embodiments which will be described below are in no way limiting. It is possible in particular to imagine variants of the invention comprising only a selection of characteristics described hereinafter isolated from the other characteristics described, if this selection of characteristics is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art. This selection includes at least one characteristic, preferably functional, without structural detail, or with only part of the structural details if this part only is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art.
FIGURE 1 is a schematic representation of a profile section of a first example of the device according to the invention.
The device 100 is provided for measuring the temperature of a sample 102; said temperature can be between -50 ° C and 250 ° C. The device 100 comprises a housing 104 comprising at least one opening 106 on the side of the sample 102.
The housing 104 is made of aluminum. Alternatively, the housing 104 is made of polyurethane.
The device 100 comprises a thermo-generator 108 and a temperature sensor 110 situated on the side of the opening 106. The thermo-generator 108 and the temperature sensor 110 form, on the side of the opening 106, a surface 112, called measurement area. This measurement surface 112 is flat.
The measurement surface 112 is maintained in thermal contact with the sample 102.
The temperature sensor 110 is configured to measure a temperature of the sample 102 and the heat generator 108 is arranged to convert thermal energy from the measurement surface 112 into electrical energy for
Powering the temperature sensor 110. In particular, the thermo-generator 108 is preferably a Peltier module.
The device 100 also includes an electronic card 114 configured to, on the one hand, receive electrical energy converted by the thermogenerator 108 and, on the other hand, supply the temperature sensor 110 with this electrical energy. The heat generator 108 and the temperature sensor 110 are disposed between the measurement surface 112 and the electronic card 114.
The electronic card 114 comprises a voltage converter 116, in particular of the voltage booster type, connected to the thermo-generator 108. The voltage converter 116 is arranged to raise a voltage converted by the thermo-generator 108 between 30 and 500 mV at a voltage between 2 and 5 V.
The electronic card 114 also includes a capacity 118, of the supercapacitor type, configured to store the electrical energy produced by the thermo-generator 108. The capacity 118 is connected to the voltage converter 116 and stores the electrical energy at the voltage supplied by the voltage converter 116. The capacity 118 is connected to the temperature sensor 110 and is configured to supply it.
The device 100 further comprises a means of communication 120, to a remote server, of data relating to a temperature measured by the temperature sensor 110. The communication means 120 is integrated into the electronic card 114 and can be any means of communication wireless, such as by Bluetooth®, wifi ™, LoRa, SigFox, etc. The communication means 120 is also arranged to receive control data from the remote server.
The device 100 includes a microcontroller 122 provided for controlling the electronic components of the electronic card 114. For example, the microcontroller 122 controls the storage by the capacity 118 of the converted electrical energy. The microcontroller 122 also controls the supply of the temperature sensor 110 and the transmission by the communication means 120 of a temperature measurement of the temperature sensor 110.
The electronic card 114 is arranged at a non-zero distance from the measurement surface 112 in a direction A perpendicular to the measurement surface 112. This arrangement makes it possible to limit the temperatures to which the components of the electronic card 114. are subjected. The distance between the surface
-10 of measurement 112 and the electronic card 114 is greater than 1.5 cm, for example equal to 2.5 cm. Unlike the prior art, the electronic components of the device 100 are not exposed to high temperatures, which improves the robustness of the device 100.
The device 100 includes a heat sink 124 disposed between the heat generator 108 and the electronic card 114. The sink 124 is arranged in thermal contact with a surface, called dissipation surface, of the heat generator 108, opposite the measurement surface 112. The heatsink 124 maintains the dissipation surface at a temperature different from the temperature of the measurement surface 112. The thermo-generator 108 produces electrical energy as a function of the temperature difference between the measurement surface 112 and the dissipation surface . The heat sink 124 is made of metal and / or plastic. The dissipator 124 is bonded to the dissipation surface, by a thermal glue and / or an adhesive paste, to ensure thermal contact with said surface. This arrangement allows a better dispersion of the thermal energy of the dissipation surface and therefore a greater temperature difference between the measurement surface 112 and the dissipation surface. The electrical energy produced by the thermo-generator 108 is thus increased.
The device 100 comprises a wall 125 dividing the housing 104 into compartments forming at least one housing comprising the electronic card 114. The housing is arranged to thermally isolate the electronic card 114 from the measurement surface 112. For example, the housing comprises polyurethane foam to isolate the electronic card 114. In addition, the wall 125 is in thermal contact with the dissipator 124 so as to maintain the electronic card 114 at an operating temperature of the electronic components.
The device 100 comprises screws 126 for fixing the housing 104 to the sample 102, through fixing tongues 128 provided in the housing 104. The fixing screws 126 and the fixing tongues 128 are arranged to maintain the measurement surface 112 in contact with the sample 102.
Preferably, the sample 102 is an axle box of a railway vehicle and the device 100 is configured to measure a temperature of said axle box, having the measurement surface 112 in thermal contact with the box. axle.
FIGURE 2 is a schematic representation of an exploded perspective view of a second example of the device according to the invention.
The device 200 comprises the same elements as the device 100 of FIGURE 1. In addition, the device 200 comprises openings 202 provided for the passage of air in the housing 104. The openings 202 are located on side walls of the housing 104 opening at the level of the heat sink 124.
In addition, the electronic card 114 comprises electronic components 206, such as the voltage converter 116, the capacity 118, the communication means 120, etc., arranged on the two faces of the electronic card 114. The housing 104 comprises two grooves 204 arranged to receive the electronic card 114 and hold it in the housing 104.
The housing 104 also includes a partition 208 on which the heat sink 124 is arranged and makes it possible to maintain it at the level of the dissipation surface of the heat generator 108.
Furthermore, the temperature sensor 110 is integrated into the thermogenerator 108. The temperature sensor 110 and thermogenerator 108 assembly is fixed to the partition 208 for example by clips or by interlocking.
The dimensions of the housing 104 are 3 cm × 3 cm × 3 cm and the electronic card 114 is placed at a distance of 2.5 cm from the measurement surface 112.
The housing 104 includes a removable wall 210 allowing access to the components of the device 200 for the assembly or maintenance of the device 200. The implementation of the device 200 is thus simpler.
In particular, for a sample having a temperature of 100 ° C., the electronic card 114 is maintained at a temperature of 50 ° C., respecting the operating temperature of the components 206, by the device 200 according to the invention.
FIGURE 3 is a schematic representation of an example of the method according to the invention.
The method 300 is a temperature measurement method implemented by the device 100 of FIGURE 1 and / or the device 200 of FIGURE 2.
The method 300 comprises a step 302 of converting thermal energy into electrical energy by the thermo-generator 102.
Next, the method 300 comprises a step 304 of raising the voltage of the electrical energy by the voltage converter 116.
The method 300 also includes a step 306 of raising the voltage of the electrical energy by the capacitor 118.
The method 300 also includes a step 308 of supplying the temperature sensor 110 with electrical energy stored by the capacitor 118.
Next, the method 300 comprises a step 310 of measuring the temperature by the temperature sensor 110.
The method 300 further comprises a step 312 of transmitting the temperature measurement by the data communication means 120.
The method 300 also includes a step 316 of heat dissipation from the dissipation surface of the heat generator 108. This step 312 is carried out by the heat sink 124.
Step 316 of the method 300 implemented by the device 200 is carried out, in addition, by a flow of air passing through the heat sink 124 and generated by the air passage openings 202. This step 316 is implemented simultaneously with each of the steps 302, 304, 306, 308, 310, and 312.
Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples which have just been described and numerous modifications can be made to these examples without departing from the scope of the invention.
权利要求:
Claims (17)
[1]
1. Temperature measurement device (100; 200) comprising:
- a temperature sensor (110) arranged to measure a temperature,
- a thermo-generator (108) forming with said temperature sensor, a so-called measurement surface (112), said thermo-generator (108) being configured to convert thermal energy from said measurement surface (112) into electrical energy and said sensor (110) being arranged to measure a temperature of a sample (102) in contact with the measurement surface (112), and
- an electronic card (114) arranged to receive the electrical energy converted by the thermo-generator (108) and supply said temperature sensor (110) with at least part of this electrical energy;
said device (100; 200) being characterized in that the electronic card (114) is arranged at a non-zero distance from said measurement surface (112) in a direction (A) perpendicular to said measurement surface (112).
[2]
2. Device (100; 200) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the temperature sensor (110) and / or the heat generator (108) are located between the measurement surface (112) and the electronic card (114 ).
[3]
3. Device (100; 200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronic card (114) comprises at least one voltage converter (116) connecting the thermo-generator (108) to the temperature sensor ( 110).
[4]
4. Device (100; 200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronic card (114) comprises a microcontroller (122) arranged to control:
- at least one storage means (118) of the electrical energy converted by the thermo-generator (108) and arranged to supply the temperature sensor (110) with at least part of this stored electrical energy, and / or
A means of communication (120) of a temperature measurement of said temperature sensor (110) with a remote server.
[5]
5. Device (100; 200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat generator (108) comprises a surface, called a dissipation surface, arranged to be at a temperature different from the temperature of the surface of measurement (112) so as to produce electrical energy as a function of the temperature difference between the measurement surface (112) and the dissipation surface.
[6]
6. Device (100; 200) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises a heat sink (124) disposed between the electronic card (114) and the heat generator (108) and in thermal contact with the surface of dissipation.
[7]
7. Device (200) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises a housing (104) containing the temperature sensor (110), the thermo-generator (108) and the electronic card (114), and in that than :
the measurement surface (112) is formed on one side of said housing (104), and
the housing (104) comprises at least one air passage opening (202) opening at the level of the heat sink (124).
[8]
8. Device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronic card (114) is arranged in a housing thermally insulating it from the measurement surface (112).
[9]
9. Device (100; 200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one means for measuring data relating to the environment of said device (100; 200) and in that the electronic card (114) is arranged to supply said measurement means with at least part of the electrical energy converted by the thermo-generator (108).
-15lQ.Device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises means for fixing (126,128) of the measurement surface (112) on the sample (102).
[10]
11. A temperature measurement system comprising a device (100; 200) according to any one of the preceding claims assembled with a sample (102) characterized in that the measurement surface (112) formed by the thermogenerator (108) and the temperature sensor (110) is in thermal contact with the sample (102) so as to measure a temperature.
[11]
12. Vehicle, in particular rail, comprising at least one device (100; 200) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the measurement surface (112) of which is located at the level of at least one axle box of said vehicle and provided for measuring a temperature of said at least one axle box.
[12]
13. Method (300) for measuring the temperature of a sample (102) comprising at least the following steps:
- Conversion (302) by a thermo-generator (108) into electrical energy of a thermal energy from a surface (112), called a measurement, formed by said thermo-generator (108) and a temperature sensor (110) in thermal contact with the sample (102),
- reception (308) of said electrical energy converted by an electronic card (114) to supply said temperature sensor with at least part of this electrical energy, said method being characterized in that the electronic card (114) is arranged at a non-zero distance from said measurement surface (112) in a direction (A) perpendicular to said measurement surface (112).
[13]
14. Method (300) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises a step of raising (304) a voltage of the electrical energy converted by at least one voltage converter (116) connecting the thermogenerator ( 108) to the temperature sensor (110).
[14]
15. Method (300) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises:
- At least one storage step (306) of the electrical energy converted by the thermo-generator (108) by at least one storage means (118) arranged to supply the temperature sensor (110) with at least a portion of this stored electrical energy, and / or
- at least one step of communication (312) of a temperature measurement of said sensor (110) with a remote server.
[15]
16. Method (300) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a step of heat dissipation (316) of a surface, known as of dissipation, of the thermo-generator (108) opposite the surface (112) so that the temperature of the dissipating surface is different from the temperature of the measuring surface (112).
[16]
17. Method (300) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the heat dissipation step (316) is carried out by a heat sink (124) arranged between the electronic card (114) and the heat generator (108) and in thermal contact with the dissipation surface.
[17]
18. Method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the heat dissipation step (316) is further carried out by an air flow passing through the heat sink (124) and generated by at least one opening (202) of air passage opening out at the heat sink (124).
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日
WO2020048894A1|2020-03-12|
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EP3847075A1|2021-07-14|
US20210255045A1|2021-08-19|
引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
WO2015100425A1|2013-12-24|2015-07-02|Amsted Rail Company, Inc.|System and method for detecting operational anomalies in train consists and railcars|
RS20140604A1|2014-11-06|2016-06-30|Univerzitet U Niĺ U, Elektronski Fakultet Niĺ|Thermoelectric self-powered device based on metal printed circuit board technology|KR102313369B1|2021-04-14|2021-10-15|국방과학연구소|Reactivity controlled synthetic method of 1-nitropyrazole|
FR3111485A1|2020-06-15|2021-12-17|Alstom Transport Technologies|Autonomous device for monitoring an electric motor of a railway vehicle and associated motor|
法律状态:
2019-09-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
2020-03-06| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20200306 |
2020-09-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
2021-04-09| CL| Concession to grant licences|Name of requester: SATT LINKSIUM GRENOBLE ALPES, FR Effective date: 20210226 |
2021-09-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
FR1857905A|FR3085477B1|2018-09-03|2018-09-03|ONBOARD DEVICE FOR AUTONOMOUS TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT AND METHOD IMPLEMENTED BY SUCH A DEVICE|FR1857905A| FR3085477B1|2018-09-03|2018-09-03|ONBOARD DEVICE FOR AUTONOMOUS TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT AND METHOD IMPLEMENTED BY SUCH A DEVICE|
PCT/EP2019/073274| WO2020048894A1|2018-09-03|2019-08-30|Autonomous on-board temperature measurement device and method implemented by this device|
US17/271,534| US20210255045A1|2018-09-03|2019-08-30|Autonomous on-board temperature measurement device and method implemented by this device|
EP19762933.0A| EP3847075A1|2018-09-03|2019-08-30|Autonomous on-board temperature measurement device and method implemented by this device|
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